This course provides a comprehensive understanding of the learning process, major theories of learning, motivation, intelligence, and various teaching strategies and approaches in education. It introduces learners to behaviouristic, social, cognitivist, and constructivist perspectives of learning, while highlighting the role of teachers in creating effective and inclusive teaching-learning environments. The course also focuses on transfer of learning, achievement motivation, social-emotional learning, and the influence of heredity and environment on intelligence. Further, it explores different teaching strategies, models, and approaches that promote reflective, cooperative, and learner-centred teaching practices. Overall, the course aims to equip students with theoretical knowledge and practical insights required for effective teaching and meaningful learning experiences in diverse classrooms.
- Teacher: Arpana Koul

This course is important for B.Ed. students because it helps future teachers understand the nature, scope, and relevance of mathematics, identify learning difficulties, and develop effective teaching strategies. Mathematics is a part of everyday life—used in budgeting, measurement, planning, data interpretation, and decision-making. However, teaching and learning mathematics often face challenges such as fear of the subject, abstract concepts, and lack of real-life connection. It equips them with pedagogical skills, confidence, and creativity needed to make mathematics meaningful, enjoyable, and accessible for school students.
- Teacher: Suman Devi